Reliability of high-speed electric multiple units in terms of the expanded multi-state flow network

Shuai Lin, Limin Jia, Hengrun Zhang, Pengzhu Zhang

Abstract: Highlights•The M-LSCSFN for an HSEMU system describes system structure and functions.•The layer reliability is calculated based on MPs using specific operators.•The M-LSCSFN reliability is estimated with the layer reliability.•The HSEMU system reliability is evaluated in terms of the M-LSCSFN reliability.•A practical case is shown to demonstrate the proposed method.