Frequency-Compensated Network for Daily Arctic Sea Ice Concentration Prediction

Jialiang Zhang, Feng Gao, Yanhai Gan, Junyu Dong, Qian Du

Abstract: Accurately forecasting sea ice concentration (SIC) in the Arctic is critical to global ecosystem health and navigation safety. However, current methods still are confronted with two challenges: 1) these methods rarely explore the long-term feature dependencies in the frequency domain and 2) they can hardly preserve the high-frequency details, and the changes in the marginal area of the sea ice cannot be accurately captured. To this end, we present a frequency-compensated network (FCNet) for Arctic SIC prediction on a daily basis. In particular, we design a dual-branch network, including branches for frequency feature extraction and convolutional feature extraction. For frequency feature extraction, we design an adaptive frequency filter block (AFFB), which integrates trainable layers with Fourier-based filters. By adding frequency features, the FCNet can achieve refined prediction of edges and details. For convolutional feature extraction, we propose a high-frequency enhancement block (HFEB) to separate high- and low-frequency information. Moreover, high-frequency features are enhanced via channelwise attention, and a temporal attention unit is employed for low-frequency feature extraction to capture long-range sea ice changes. Extensive experiments are conducted on a satellite-derived daily SIC dataset, and the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed FCNet. Our codes and data will be made public available at: https://github.com/oucailab/FCNet

External IDs:doi:10.1109/tgrs.2025.3564457