Intelligo Ut Confido: Understanding, Trust and User Experience in Verifiable Receipt-Free E-Voting

Published: 01 Jan 2024, Last Modified: 04 Oct 2025E-Vote-ID 2024EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Voting protocols seek to provide integrity and vote privacy in elections. To achieve integrity, procedures have been proposed allowing voters to verify that their vote is correctly counted– however this impacts both the user experience and privacy. In particular, vote verification can lead to vote-buying or coercion, if an attacker can obtain a proof of the cast vote. Thus, some voting protocols provide mechanisms to prevent such receipts.To be effective, such receipt-freeness depends on voters being able to understand and use these mechanisms.In this paper, we present a study with 300 participants to evaluate the voters’ experience and understanding of the receipt-freeness procedures in the Selene scheme in the context of vote-buying. This is the first user study dealing with vote-buying in e-voting. While the usability and trust factors were rated low in the experiments, we found a positive correlation between trust and understanding.
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