Introducing Certificates to the Hardware Model Checking Competition

Nils Froleyks, Emily Yu, Mathias Preiner, Armin Biere, Keijo Heljanko

Published: 01 Jan 2025, Last Modified: 12 Dec 2025CrossrefEveryoneRevisionsCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Certification was made mandatory for the first time in the latest hardware model checking competition. In this case study, we investigate the trade-offs of requiring certificates for both passing and failing properties in the competition. Our evaluation shows that participating model checkers were able to produce compact, correct certificates that could be verified with minimal overhead. Furthermore, the certifying winner of the competition outperforms the previous non-certifying state-of-the-art model checker, demonstrating that certification can be adopted without compromising model checking efficiency.
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