Design and Implementation of a Workflow-Based Architecture for Distributed Medical Image AI Systems

Yu Ge, Qi Zhang, Yibin Chen, Kuo-Ming Chao, Pan Hu, Hongming Cai

Abstract: Medical Image AI Systems can assist doctors in making diagnoses, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy. These systems are now widely used in hospitals. However, current AI diagnostic methods typically rely on various deep learning technologies, which require substantial computational resources. When diagnostic demands surge, traditional monolithic architectures may suffer from low computational performance and queue congestion. To address these issues, this paper compares and analyzes two system architectures based on parallel computing and distributed computing. The first one is a coarse-grained multi-service instance architecture, which uses clustering to expand the system's service instances, though it still presents some challenges. The second is a fine-grained workflow-based distributed architecture, which abstracts the diagnostic process into a workflow divided into several subtasks managed and scheduled by the cluster. This architecture demonstrates advantages in several aspects. Finally, this paper implements a Medical Image AI System for pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis based on the workflow-based distributed system architecture.