Image segmentation of Leaf Spot Diseases on Maize using multi-stage Cauchy-enabled grey wolf algorithm

Helong Yu, Jiuman Song, Chengcheng Chen, Ali Asghar Heidari, Jiawen Liu, Huiling Chen, Atef Zaguia, Majdi M. Mafarja

Abstract: Highlights•An improved multi-stage grey wolf optimizer (MGWO) is proposed.•The multi-stage strategy is used to balance exploration and exploitation.•A part of salp swarm algorithm strategy is introduced into GWO.•The greater performance of MGWO is verified over some advanced algorithms.•MGWO is tested on multi-threshold image segmentation of Leaf Spot Diseases on Maize.