Abstract: Highlights•Propose MF-LPR2, a multi-frame framework to restore low-quality license plates.•Align frames via novel optical flow filtering and refinement for robust restoration.•Introduces PDNF-k metric to measure spurious artifacts in restoration outputs.•Presents RLPR dataset: 200 dash cam sequences with 31 frames each for testing.•Achieve notable improvement over baselines in image quality and recognition accuracy.
External IDs:doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2025.104361
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