LoRE-Merging: Exploring Low-Rank Estimation For Large Language Model Merging

ACL ARR 2025 February Submission1744 Authors

Abstract: While most current approaches rely on further training techniques, such as fine-tuning or reinforcement learning, to enhance model capacities, model merging stands out for its ability of improving models without requiring any additional training. In this paper, we propose a unified framework for model merging based on low-rank estimation of task vectors without the need for access to the base model, named \textsc{LoRE-Merging}. Our approach is motivated by the observation that task vectors from fine-tuned models frequently exhibit a limited number of dominant singular values, making low-rank estimations less prone to interference. We implement the method by formulating the merging problem as an optimization problem. Extensive empirical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework in mitigating interference and preserving task-specific information, thereby advancing the state-of-the-art performance in model merging techniques.

Paper Type: Short

Research Area: NLP Applications

Research Area Keywords: Model merging, low-rank estimation

Contribution Types: Approaches low compute settings-efficiency

Languages Studied: English

Submission Number: 1744