Play, watch, analyze, repeat: How do players develop competitive gaming skills?

Günter Wallner, Aakash Johry, Marnix van Wijland, Regina Bernhaupt, Simone Kriglstein

Abstract: Highlights•We present a mixed-method study exploring how players learn to play games and which factors can influence their self-efficiency beliefs.•Both issues are explored across three genres having high popularity in competitive gaming.•We discuss high-level characteristics of how learning and self-efficacy manifests themselves in these genres.•We provide guideposts for implementing teaching practices, systems, and tools for learning to play in- and outside of competitive games.