Absorption-Based, Passive Range Imaging from Hyperspectral Thermal Measurements

Unay Dorken Gallastegi, Hoover Rueda-Chacon, Martin J. Stevens, Vivek K. Goyal

Abstract: Passive hyperspectral long-wave infrared measurements are remarkably informative about the surroundings, such as remote object material composition, temperature, and range; and air temperature and gas concentrations. Remote object material and temperature determine the spectrum of thermal radiance, and range, air temperature, and gas concentrations determine how this spectrum is modified by propagation to the sensor. We computationally separate these phenomena, introducing a novel passive range imaging method based on atmospheric absorption of ambient thermal radiance. Previously demonstrated passive absorption-based ranging methods assume hot and highly emitting objects. However, the temperature variation in natural scenes is usually low, making range imaging challenging. Our method benefits from explicit consideration of air emission and parametric modeling of atmospheric absorption. To mitigate noise in low-contrast scenarios, we jointly estimate range and intrinsic object properties by exploiting a variety of absorption lines spread over the infrared spectrum. Along with Monte Carlo simulations that demonstrate the importance of regularization, temperature differentials, and availability of many spectral bands, we apply this method to long-wave infrared (8--13 $\mu$m) hyperspectral image data acquired from natural scenes with no active illumination. Range features from 15m to 150m are recovered, with good qualitative match to unaligned lidar data.