A Reversible Data Hiding Algorithm for JPEG Image Based on Paillier Homomorphic Encryption

Chunxin Zhao, Ruihe Ma, Yongjin Xian

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of cloud computing, great security concern regarding data storage has been brougth forth. This paper proposes a reversible data hiding algorithm for JPEG images based on Paillier homomorphic encryption. The secret data is embedded by modifying quantized DCT coefficients. The AC coefficients are modified through homomorphic encryption during the embedding process, while the DC coefficients, which significantly impact image quality, are subjected only to Arnold transform. Additionally, an algorithm that can control the distribution range of ciphertext of Paillier homomorphic encryption is frist presented, thereby, minimizing the ciphertext expansion. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves larger data embedding capacity, higher security of ciphertext images, and more stable image quality in comparison with other advanced algorithms.