A Graph-based U-Net Model for Predicting Traffic in unseen Cities

Luca Hermes, Barbara Hammer, Andrew Melnik, Riza Velioglu, Markus Vieth, Malte Schilling

Abstract: Accurate traffic prediction is a key ingredient to enable traffic management like rerouting cars to reduce road congestion or regulating traffic via dynamic speed limits to maintain a steady flow. One way to represent traffic data is as temporally changing heatmaps visualizing attributes of traffic, such as speed and volume. In recent approaches, U-Net models have shown state of the art performance on traffic forecasting from such heatmaps. We propose to combine the U-Net architecture with graph layers which improves spatial generalization to unseen road networks compared to a Vanilla U-Net. In particular, we specialize existing graph operations to be sensitive to geographical topology and generalize pooling and upsampling operations to be applicable to graphs.