Pulse transfer learning: Multi-area river ammonia nitrogen prediction with limited data

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Zichen Song, Boying Nie, Sitan Huang

Published: 2025, Last Modified: 11 Dec 2025Expert Syst. Appl. 2025EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Highlights•LSTM combined with SNN is better for temporal dynamic data.•Multi-head attention mechanism is more suitable for multi-variable datasets.•Using Elastic Weight Consolidation to consider more regions.