TS-LIF: A Temporal Segment Spiking Neuron Network for Time Series Forecasting

ICLR 2025 Conference Submission677 Authors

Keywords: spiking neural network, time series forecasting, Application

TL;DR: We proposed a Temporal Segment Spiking Neuron Network (TS-LIF) for multivariate time series forecasting, supported by stability analysis and frequency response analysis to demonstrate its effectiveness and efficiency.

Abstract:

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising, biologically inspired approach for processing spatiotemporal data, particularly for time series forecasting.
However, conventional neuron models like the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) struggle to capture long-term dependencies and effectively process multi-scale temporal dynamics.
To overcome these limitations, we introduce the Temporal Segment Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (TS-LIF) model, featuring a novel dual-compartment architecture.
The dendritic and somatic compartments specialize in capturing distinct frequency components, providing functional heterogeneity that enhances the neuron's ability to process both low- and high-frequency information.
Furthermore, the newly introduced direct somatic current injection reduces information loss during intra-neuronal transmission, while dendritic spike generation improves multi-scale information extraction.
We provide a theoretical stability analysis of the TS-LIF model and explain how each compartment contributes to distinct frequency response characteristics.
Experimental results show that TS-LIF outperforms traditional SNNs in time series forecasting, demonstrating better accuracy and robustness, even with missing data.
TS-LIF advances the application of SNNs in time-series forecasting, providing a biologically inspired approach that captures complex temporal dynamics and offers potential for practical implementation in diverse forecasting scenarios.

Primary Area: learning on time series and dynamical systems

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Submission Number: 677