Surrogate-based decision-making for post-earthquake recovery scheduling and resilience assessment of subway systems considering the effect of infrastructure interdependency

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Jie Hu, Weiping Wen, Changhai Zhai, Shunshun Pei

Published: 2025, Last Modified: 06 Nov 2025Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 2025EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0
Abstract: Highlights•Assessed seismic resilience of subway systems considering functional interdependencies.•A two-stage recovery decision-making model is established.•A deep learning-based surrogate model is developed to reduce decision-making costs.•Neglecting the MPSS leads to an average 15.45% bias in the resilience loss.•The recovery time affected by the MPSS accounts for 33% of the total recovery time.