A novel dictionary attack on ECG authentication system using adversarial optimization and clustering

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Bonan Zhang, Lin Li, Chao Chen, Ickjai Lee, Kyungmi Lee, Tianqing Zhu, Kok-Leong Ong

Published: 2025, Last Modified: 27 Feb 2026Knowl. Based Syst. 2025EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY-SA 4.0