Weisfeiler and Leman Go RelationalDownload PDF

Published: 24 Nov 2022, Last Modified: 12 Mar 2024LoG 2022 PosterReaders: Everyone
Keywords: GNNs, knowledge graphs, expressivity
TL;DR: We investigate the expressive power of two well-known GNN architectures for knowledge graphs.
Abstract: Knowledge graphs, modeling multi-relational data, improve numerous applications such as question answering or graph logical reasoning. Many graph neural networks for such data emerged recently, often outperforming shallow architectures. However, the design of such multi-relational graph neural networks is ad-hoc, driven mainly by intuition and empirical insights. Up to now, their expressivity, their relation to each other, and their (practical) learning performance is poorly understood. Here, we initiate the study of deriving a more principled understanding of multi-relational graph neural networks. Namely, we investigate the limitations in the expressive power of the well-known Relational GCN and Compositional GCN architectures and shed some light on their practical learning performance. By aligning both architectures with a suitable version of the Weisfeiler-Leman test, we establish under which conditions both models have the same expressive power in distinguishing non-isomorphic (multi-relational) graphs or vertices with different structural roles. Further, by leveraging recent progress in designing expressive graph neural networks, we introduce the $k$-RN architecture that provably overcomes the expressiveness limitations of the above two architectures. Empirically, we confirm our theoretical findings in a vertex classification setting over small and large multi-relational graphs.
Type Of Submission: Full paper proceedings track submission (max 9 main pages).
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Type Of Submission: Full paper proceedings track submission.
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