Domain Feature Perturbation for Domain Generalization

Chenguang Wang, Zijun Zhang, Zhidan Zhou

Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) often struggle with distribution shifts between training and test environments, which can lead to poor performance, untrustworthy predictions, or unexpected behaviors. This work proposes Domain Feature Perturbation (DFP), a novel approach that explicitly leverages domain information to improve the out-of-distribution performance of DNNs. Specifically, DFP trains a domain classifier in conjunction with the main prediction model and perturbs the multi-layer representation of the latter with random noise modulated by the gradient of the former. The domain classifier is designed to share the backbone with the main model and is easy to implement with minimal extra model parameters that can be discarded at inference time. Intuitively, the proposed method aims to reduce the dependence of the main prediction model on domain-specific features, such that the model can focus on domain-agnostic features that generalize across different domains. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of DFP on multiple benchmarks for domain generalization. Our code is available [39].