Multi-Game Decision Transformers

Kuang-Huei Lee, Ofir Nachum, Sherry Yang, Lisa Lee, C. Daniel Freeman, Sergio Guadarrama, Ian Fischer, Winnie Xu, Eric Jang, Henryk Michalewski, Igor Mordatch

Keywords: Reinforcement Learning, Generalist Agent, Multi-Environment RL, Upside-Down RL, Decision Transformers

Abstract: A longstanding goal of the field of AI is a method for learning a highly capable, generalist agent from diverse experience. In the subfields of vision and language, this was largely achieved by scaling up transformer-based models and training them on large, diverse datasets. Motivated by this progress, we investigate whether the same strategy can be used to produce generalist reinforcement learning agents. Specifically, we show that a single transformer-based model – with a single set of weights – trained purely offline can play a suite of up to 46 Atari games simultaneously at close-to-human performance. When trained and evaluated appropriately, we find that the same trends observed in language and vision hold, including scaling of performance with model size and rapid adaptation to new games via fine-tuning. We compare several approaches in this multi-game setting, such as online and offline RL methods and behavioral cloning, and find that our Multi-Game Decision Transformer models offer the best scalability and performance. We release the pre-trained models and code to encourage further research in this direction.

TL;DR: We learn one Multi-Game Decision Transformer to achieve close to human-level performance on up to 41 Atari games.