CleverBirds: A Multiple-Choice Benchmark for Fine-grained Human Knowledge Tracing

Leonie Bossemeyer, Samuel Heinrich, Grant Van Horn, Oisin Mac Aodha

Keywords: benchmark, knowledge tracing, computer-assisted learning, species classification

TL;DR: We introduce a new benchmark for training and evaluating visual knowledge tracing algorithms.

Abstract: Mastering fine-grained visual recognition, essential in many expert domains, can require that specialists undergo years of dedicated training. Modeling the progression of such expertize in humans remains challenging, and accurately inferring a human learner’s knowledge state is a key step toward understanding visual learning. We introduce CleverBirds, a large-scale knowledge tracing benchmark for fine-grained bird species recognition. Collected by the citizen-science platform eBird, it offers insight into how individuals acquire expertize in complex fine-grained classification. More than 40,000 participants have engaged in the quiz, answering over 17 million multiple-choice questions spanning over 10,000 bird species, with long-range learning patterns across an average of 400 questions per participant. We release this dataset to support the development and evaluation of new methods for visual knowledge tracing. We show that tracking learners' knowledge is challenging, especially across participant subgroups and question types, with different forms of contextual information offering varying degrees of predictive benefit. CleverBirds is among the largest benchmark of its kind, offering a substantially higher number of learnable concepts. With it, we hope to enable new avenues for studying the development of visual expertize over time and across individuals.

Dataset URL: https://huggingface.co/datasets/bossemel/clever_birds

Code URL: https://github.com/visipedia/clever_birds

Primary Area: Datasets & Benchmarks for applications in computer vision

Submission Number: 310