Global Convergence Rate of Deep Equilibrium Models with General Activations

22 Sept 2023 (modified: 11 Feb 2024)Submitted to ICLR 2024EveryoneRevisionsBibTeX
Primary Area: learning theory
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Keywords: Deep Learning, Deep Equilibrium Model, Gradient Descent Convergence, Hermite Polynomial Expansion
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Abstract: In a recent paper, Ling et al. investigated the over-parametrized Deep Equilibrium Model (DEQ) with ReLU activation. They proved that the gradient descent converges to a globally optimal solution at a linear convergence rate for the quadratic loss function. This paper shows that this fact still holds for DEQs with any general activation that has bounded first and second derivatives. Since the new activation function is generally non-linear, bounding the least eigenvalue of the Gram matrix of the equilibrium point is particularly challenging. To accomplish this task, we need to create a novel population Gram matrix and develop a new form of dual activation with Hermite polynomial expansion.
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Submission Number: 4252
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