Domain-Unified Prompt Representations for Source-Free Domain Generalization

Hongjing Niu, Hanting Li, Feng Zhao, Bin Li

Keywords: Source-free domain generalization, vision-language pretraining model

Abstract: Domain generalization (DG), aiming to make models work on unseen domains, is a surefire way toward general artificial intelligence. Limited by the scale and diversity of current DG datasets, it is difficult for existing methods to scale to diverse domains in open-world scenarios (e.g., science fiction and pixelate style). Therefore, the source-free domain generalization (SFDG) task is necessary and challenging. To address this challenge, we propose an approach based on large-scale vision-language pretraining models (e.g., CLIP), which exploits the extensive domain information embedded in it. The proposed scheme generates diverse prompts from a domain bank that contains many more diverse domains than existing DG datasets. Furthermore, our method yields domain-unified representations from these prompts, thus being able to cope with samples from open-world domains. Extensive experiments on mainstream DG datasets, namely PACS, VLCS, OfficeHome, and DomainNet, show that the proposed method achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art DG methods that require source domain data for training.

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