No Scale Sensitive Dimension for Distribution Learning

Published: 18 Dec 2025, Last Modified: 21 Feb 2026ALT 2026EveryoneRevisionsBibTeXCC BY 4.0
Keywords: PAC learnability, classes of probability distributions, scale-sensitive characterization of learnability.
TL;DR: We show that the task of distribution learning cannot be characterized by a scale-sensitive dimension.
Abstract: Learning probability distributions is one of the most basic statistical learning tasks. While for many learning tasks learnability of a class can be characterized by a combinatorial dimension (like the VC-dimension for binary classification prediction), no such characterization is known for classes of probability distributions. A leap toward resolving this long-standing problem was made recently by Lechner and Ben-David who showed that there can be no \emph{scale invariant} characterization of PAC style learnability of such classes. The question of \emph{scale sensitive} characterization remained open. In this paper we fully resolve the question by showing that there can be no \emph{scale sensitive} combinatorial characterization of PAC style learnability of classes of probability distributions.
Submission Number: 160
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