LLM+AL: Bridging Large Language Models and Action Languages for Complex Reasoning About Actions

Adam Ishay

Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in various intelligent tasks but still struggle with complex action reasoning tasks that require systematic search. To address this limitation, we propose a method that bridges the natural language understanding capabilities of LLMs with the symbolic reasoning strengths of action languages. Our approach, termed LLM+AL, leverages the LLM’s strengths in semantic parsing and commonsense knowledge generation alongside the action language’s proficiency in automated reasoning based on encoded knowledge. We compare LLM+AL against state-of-the-art LLMs, including CHATGPT-4, CLAUDE 3 OPUS, GEMINI ULTRA 1.0, and O1-PREVIEW, using benchmarks for complex reasoning about actions. Our findings indicate that, although all methods exhibit errors, LLM+AL, with relatively minimal human corrections, consistently leads to correct answers, whereas standalone LLMs fail to improve even with human feedback. LLM+AL also contributes to automated generation of action languages.