Aligning Visual Contrastive learning models via Preference Optimization

Amirabbas Afzali, Borna khodabandeh, Ali Rasekh, Mahyar JafariNodeh, Sepehr Kazemi Ranjbar, Simon Gottschalk

Keywords: contrastive learning, preference optimization, alignment, reinforcement learning from human feedback, robustness, computer vision

TL;DR: In this work we propose preference-based optimization, to finetune and align contrastive learning-based models such as CLIP.

Abstract: Contrastive learning models have demonstrated impressive abilities to capture semantic similarities by aligning representations in the embedding space. However, their performance can be limited by the quality of the training data and its inherent biases. While Preference Optimization (PO) methods such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have been applied to align generative models with human preferences, their use in contrastive learning has yet to be explored. This paper introduces a novel method for training contrastive learning models using different PO methods to break down complex concepts. Our method systematically aligns model behavior with desired preferences, enhancing performance on the targeted task. In particular, we focus on enhancing model robustness against typographic attacks and inductive biases, commonly seen in contrastive vision-language models like CLIP. Our experiments demonstrate that models trained using PO outperform standard contrastive learning techniques while retaining their ability to handle adversarial challenges and maintain accuracy on other downstream tasks. This makes our method well-suited for tasks requiring fairness, robustness, and alignment with specific preferences. We evaluate our method for tackling typographic attacks on images and explore its ability to disentangle gender concepts and mitigate gender bias, showcasing the versatility of our approach.

Primary Area: alignment, fairness, safety, privacy, and societal considerations

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Submission Number: 10841